Identification of Textile Fabric Components

         A simple way to identify the composition of garment fabrics is combustion method. The method is to take a strand of cloth containing warp and weft yarn at the seam edge of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell of the burning yarn, and see the residue after burning, so as to judge whether the fabric components labeled on the durability label of the garment conform to the true or false fabric components.
1. Cotton and hemp fibers, cotton and hemp fibers are both flammable near the flame, burning rapidly, the flame is yellow and blue smoke is emitted. The difference between them is that cotton burns with paper odor and hemp burns with grass ash odor. After burning, cotton has very little powder ash, which is black or gray, while hemp produces a small amount of gray-white powder ash.
2. When wool fibers and silk wool meet fire and smoke, they foam and burn slowly. They emit a burning smell of burning hair. After burning, the ash is mostly glossy black spherical particles, and the fingers are crushed as soon as they are pressed. When silk is burned, it shrinks into a cluster, burns slowly, accompanied by a hissing sound, emits a burning smell of hair, burns into small black-brown globular ashes, and twists hands to pieces.
3. Polyamide fibers, the scientific name of nylon and polyester nylon, are rapidly curled and melted into white gelatinous fibers near the flame. They melt and burn in the flame, dropping and foaming. When burning, there is no flame. Without the flame, it is difficult to continue burning and emit celery odor. After cooling, the light brown melt is not easy to crush. Polyester fibers are easy to ignite and melt near the flame. When burning, they melt and emit black smoke. They are yellow flame and emit fragrant odor. After burning, the ashes are black-brown lumps, which can be twisted with fingers.
4. Acrylic fibers and polypropylene acrylic fibers are known as polyacrylonitrile fibers. They melt and shrink near fire. After ignition, they emit black smoke. The flame is white. After leaving the flame, they burn rapidly and emit the bitter smell of burnt meat. After burning, the ashes are irregular black lumps, which are easily twisted and fragile by hand. Polypropylene fibers, known as polypropylene fibers, melt near the flame, flammable, slow off-fire combustion and smoke, yellow flame at the top, blue at the bottom, emitting an oil smell, burnt ashes for hard round light yellow brown particles, hand twist fragile.
5. Polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde fibers, the scientific name of vinylon and vinylon vinylon, are not easy to ignite, melt and shrink in the near flame. When burning, there is a ignition flame at the top. When the fibers melt into gelatinous flame, the flame becomes larger, there is thick black smoke, which emits bitter odor. After burning, there are small Black Beaded particles, which can be crushed by fingers. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fibers are hard to burn and extinguish immediately after fire. The flame is yellow and the lower end of the flame is green and white smoke. It emits a pungent, pungent and sour taste. After burning, the ashes are irregular black-brown lumps, and the fingers are not easy to twist.
6. Polyurethane fibers and fluorourethane fibers are called polyurethane fibers. They melt and burn near the fire edge. The flame is blue when burning. They continue to melt away from the fire and emit a special irritating odor. The ash after burning is soft and fluffy black ash. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers are known as fluorite fibers by ISO organization. They melt only near the flame, are difficult to ignite and do not burn. The edge flame is blue-green carbonization, melting and decomposition. The gas is toxic, and the melt is hard black beads. Fluorocarbon fibers are often used in the textile industry to produce high-performance sewing threads.
7. Viscose fiber and copper-ammonium fiber viscose fiber are flammable, burning fast, the flame is yellow, emitting the smell of burning paper, less ash after burning, showing a smooth twisted strip of light gray or gray-white fine powder. Copper-ammonium fiber, commonly known as Kapok tiger, burns near the flame. It burns fast. The flame is yellow and emits ester-acid odor. After burning, the ash is very little, with only a small amount of gray-black ash.